Human IgG1 Isotype Control Antibody

Different from polyclonal "human IgG1 isotype control antibodies" purified from human myeloma serum, the recombinant human IgG1 isotype control (hIgG1 kappa isotype control antibody) and mutants are produced in mammalian cells (HEK293 and CHO cells), thus are monoclonal and there is no potential contamination of any other antibody isotype(s). The recombinant human IgG1 isotype control has low or no specific binding to any human sample, and humanized or completely human variable regions in addition to the human IgG1 kappa constant regions. The human IgG1 kappa isotype control and mutants such as Fc-silenced can be used in ELISA, Western blot (WB), the cell-based assay or animal model as the antibody negative control.

A number of hIgG1 isotype control mutants are available. Most of the therapeutic antibody drugs carry the natural human IgG1 constant regions. There are some engineered mutants in the IgG1 Fc fragment. Changes to the IgG Fc sequence including glycosylation sites (such as N297A or N297G) have been used to modulate Fc functions. Even a single mutation may have both enhancement and abrogation effects on Fc binding though multiple mutation combinations are commonly used. We generated hIgG1 isotype control mutants, the same mutations as those in the therapeutic antibodies and candidates because such human IgG1 isotype control mutants are needed when clients test their engineered antibody candidates. For example, P329G substitution combined with L234A L235A (hIgG1 LALAPG, Fc silenced) was shown to decrease effector functions by disrupting the Fc/Fcγ receptor interface. The silent Fc effctor functions human IgG1 isotype controls are useful for in vivo use.

The isotype controls are normally used to differentiate any non-specific background signal from the specific antibody signal, including the immunogenicity if used in animals. Most in vivo functional grade human IgG antibodies are used in mice for in vivo studies. Besides the antibody Complementarity-Determining Regions (CDRs), two human or humanized variable regions including the one in the human or humanized IgG isotype control do not necessarily induce the same immune response in mice because in some cases, even one amino acid difference can make difference. Mouse variable regions can be used to show the potential immunogenicity induced by the human variable regions in the human or humanized IgG antibodies to test. Thus, in some cases, it is better to use the mouse variable region in the human IgG isotype controls. We also produce and sell recombinant human IgG isotype controls from the popuplar mouse hybridoma clones, MOPC21 and C1.18.4, as well as recombinant human IgG1 kappa isotype controls against KLH, TNP, DNP,  GST, HEL, His-tag, DYKDDDDK, c-myc, HA, GFP, and unknown specificity.

Please contact us to ask for a quote for the Fc silenced human IgG1 isotype control mutants, hIgG1 isotype control and silent Fc mutants with Avi-, His-, and DYKDDDDK-tags, and biotinylated hIgG1 isotype control and Fc silent mutants. A variety of conjugates (such as a fluorophore) with the human IgG1 isotype control and Fc effector-silent mutants are available.

PA007125: In Vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG1 kappa Isotype Control Antibody (hIgG1 Isotype Control)

The in vivo grade recombinant human IgG1 kappa isotype control antibody (hIgG1 isotype control) was produced in CHO cells.
Immunogen: N/A.
Clone: 4F17.
Isotype: human IgG1, kappa.
Applications: an isotype-matched negative control for human IgG1 kappa antibodies used in ELISA, Western Blot (WB), Flow Cytometry (Flow), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) (IHC (P)), Immunohistochemistry (Frozen) (IHC (F)), and in vivo animal model research.
Formulation: 0.2 μM filtered solution of 1x PBS.
Purity: >95% by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.
Endotoxin Level: Less than 1 EU/mg of protein as determined by LAL method. Endotoxin ≤0.05 EU/mg for PA007125.05, in vivo grade recombinant human IgG1 isotype control antibody, premium grade (endotoxin ≤0.05 EU/mg).

PA007134: In Vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG1-L234A L235A P329G (hIgG1 LALAPG) kappa Isotype Control Antibody (hIgG1 LALAPG Isotype Control)

The in vivo grade recombinant human IgG1-L234A L235A P329G (hIgG1 LALAPG, Fc silenced) kappa isotype control mutant (hIgG1 LALAPG isotype control) was produced in CHO cells.
Immunogen: N/A.
Clone: 4F17.
Isotype: human IgG1, kappa.
Applications: an isotype-matched negative control for human IgG1 LALAPG kappa antibodies used in ELISA, Western Blot (WB), Flow Cytometry (Flow), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) (IHC (P)), Immunohistochemistry (Frozen) (IHC (F)), and in vivo animal model research.
Formulation: 0.2 μM filtered solution of 1x PBS.
Purity: >95% by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.
Endotoxin Level: Less than 1 EU/mg of protein as determined by LAL method. Endotoxin ≤0.05 EU/mg for PA007134.05, in vivo grade recombinant human IgG1-L234A L235A P329G (hIgG1 LALAPG) isotype control antibody, premium grade (endotoxin ≤0.05 EU/mg).

PA007133: In Vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG1-N297A kappa Isotype Control Antibody (hIgG1 N297A Isotype Control)

The in vivo grade recombinant human IgG1-N297A kappa isotype control mutant (hIgG1 N297A isotype control) was produced in mammalian cells.
Immunogen: N/A.
Clone: 4F17.
Isotype: human IgG1, kappa.
Applications: an isotype-matched negative control for human IgG1 N297A kappa antibodies used in ELISA, Western Blot (WB), Flow Cytometry (Flow), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) (IHC (P)), Immunohistochemistry (Frozen) (IHC (F)), and in vivo animal model research.
Formulation: 0.2 μM filtered solution of 1x PBS.
Purity: >95% by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.
Endotoxin Level: Less than 1 EU/mg of protein as determined by LAL method.

PA007132: In Vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG1-D265A kappa Isotype Control Antibody (hIgG1 D265A Isotype Control)

The in vivo grade recombinant human IgG1-D265A kappa isotype control mutant (hIgG1 D265A isotype control) was produced in mammalian cells.
Immunogen: N/A.
Clone: 4F17.
Isotype: human IgG1, kappa.
Applications: an isotype-matched negative control for human IgG1 D265A kappa antibodies used in ELISA, Western Blot (WB), Flow Cytometry (Flow), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) (IHC (P)), Immunohistochemistry (Frozen) (IHC (F)), and in vivo animal model research.
Formulation: 0.2 μM filtered solution of 1x PBS.
Purity: >95% by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.
Endotoxin Level: Less than 1 EU/mg of protein as determined by LAL method.

PA007139: In Vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG1-D265A N297A kappa Isotype Control Antibody (hIgG1 DANA Isotype Control)

The in vivo grade recombinant human IgG1-D265A N297A (hIgG1 DANA) kappa isotype control mutant (hIgG1 DANA isotype control) was produced in mammalian cells.
Immunogen: N/A.
Clone: 4F17.
Isotype: human IgG1, kappa.
Applications: an isotype-matched negative control for human IgG1 DANA kappa antibodies used in ELISA, Western Blot (WB), Flow Cytometry (Flow), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) (IHC (P)), Immunohistochemistry (Frozen) (IHC (F)), and in vivo animal model research.
Formulation: 0.2 μM filtered solution of 1x PBS.
Purity: >95% by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.
Endotoxin Level: Less than 1 EU/mg of protein as determined by LAL method.

PA007140: In Vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG1-S267E L328F (hIgG1 SELF) kappa Isotype Control Antibody (hIgG1 SELF Isotype Control)

The in vivo grade recombinant human IgG1-S267E L328F (hIgG1 SELF, Fc activated) kappa isotype control mutant (hIgG1 SELF isotype control) was produced in mammalian cells.
Immunogen: N/A.
Clone: 4F17.
Isotype: human IgG1, kappa.
Applications: an isotype-matched negative control for human IgG1 SELF kappa antibodies used in ELISA, Western Blot (WB), Flow Cytometry (Flow), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) (IHC (P)), Immunohistochemistry (Frozen) (IHC (F)), and in vivo animal model research.
Formulation: 0.2 μM filtered solution of 1x PBS.
Purity: >95% by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.
Endotoxin Level: Less than 1 EU/mg of protein as determined by LAL method.

Shipping: The product is shipped with ice pack. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
1 month from date of receipt, 2 to 8°C as supplied.
3 months from date of receipt, -20°C to -70°C as supplied.

Background of Human IgG1 Isotype Control

Isotype control antibodies (negative control antibodies or reference antibodies) are frequently used in various antibody-related in vivo and in vitro experiments such as ELISA, Western blot, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, immunoprecipitation, and flow cytometry. Isotype control antibodies are used as negative controls of primary antibodies to check presence of non-specific binding to Fc receptors on the cell surface, other cellular proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. Thus, the isotype control antibody normally matches the host species and isotype, including light chains (such as human IgG1 kappa antibody), concentration, and conjugation format of the experimental primary antibody.

Citations of Syd Labs Human IgG1 Isotype Control Antibody:

1. Discovery and characterization of prolactin neutralizing monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of female-prevalent pain disorders
Stephanie Maciuba,et al.MAbs. 2023.PMCID: PMC10498814
“Prolactin (PRL) has recently been demonstrated to elicit female-selective nociceptor sensitization and increase pain-like behaviors in female animals. Here we report the discovery and characterization of first-in-class, humanized PRL neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (PRL mAbs). We obtained two potent and selective PRL mAbs, PL 200,031 and PL 200,039. PL 200,031 was engineered as human IgG1 whereas PL 200,039 was reformatted as human IgG4. Both mAbs have sub-nanomolar affinity for human PRL (hPRL) and produce concentration-dependent and complete inhibition of hPRL signaling at the hPRL receptor (hPRLR). These two PRL mAbs are selective for hPRL as they do not inhibit other hPRLR agonists such as human growth hormone or placental lactogen. They also cross-react with non-human primate PRL but not with rodent PRL. Further, both mAbs show long clearance half-lives after intravenous administration in FcRn-humanized mice. Consistent with their isotypes, these mAbs only differ in binding affinities to Fcγ receptors, as expected by design. Finally, PL 200,019, the murine parental mAb of PL 200,031 and PL 200,039, fully blocked stress-induced and PRL-dependent pain behaviors in female PRL-humanized mice, thereby providing in vivo preclinical proof-of-efficacy for PRL mAbs in mechanisms relevant to pain in females.”
Tags: activity of human IgG1 isotype control; activity of human IgG1 isotype control mAb

2. Enhanced IL-15-mediated NK cell activation and proliferation by an ADAM17 function-blocking antibody involves CD16A, CD137, and accessory cells
Anders W Matson,et al.J Immunother Cancer. 2024.PMCID: PMC11284835
“Background：Natural killer (NK) cells are being extensively studied as a cell therapy for cancer. These cells are activated by recognition of ligands and antigens on tumor cells. Cytokine therapies, such as IL-15, are also broadly used to stimulate endogenous and adoptively transferred NK cells in patients with cancer. These stimuli activate the membrane protease ADAM17, which cleaves various cell-surface receptors on NK cells as a negative feedback loop to limit their cytolytic function. ADAM17 inhibition can enhance IL-15-mediated NK cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we investigated the underlying mechanism of this process.Methods：Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or enriched NK cells from human peripheral blood, either unlabeled or labeled with a cell proliferation dye, were cultured for up to 7 days in the presence of rhIL-15±an ADAM17 function-blocking antibody. Different fully human versions of the antibody were generated; Medi-1 (IgG1), Medi-4 (IgG4), Medi-PGLALA, Medi-F(ab′)2, and TAB16 (anti-ADAM17 and anti-CD16 bispecific) to modulate CD16A binding. Flow cytometry was used to assess NK cell proliferation and phenotypic markers, immunoblotting to examine CD16A signaling, and IncuCyte-based live cell imaging to measure NK cell antitumor activity.Results：The ADAM17 function-blocking monoclonal antibody (mAb) Medi-1 markedly increased early NK cell activation by IL-15. By using different engineered versions of the antibody, we demonstrate involvement by CD16A, an activating Fcγ receptor and well-described ADAM17 substrate. Hence, Medi-1 when bound to ADAM17 on NK cells is engaged by CD16A and blocks its shedding, inducing and prolonging its signaling. This process did not promote evident NK cell fratricide or dysfunction. Synergistic signaling by Medi-1 and IL-15 enhanced the upregulation of CD137 on CD16A+ NK cells and augmented their proliferation in the presence of PBMC accessory cells or an anti-CD137 agonistic mAb.Conclusions：Our data reveal for the first time that CD16A and CD137 underpin Medi-1 enhancement of IL-15-driven NK cell activation and proliferation, respectively, with the latter requiring PBMC accessory cells. The use of Medi-1 represents a novel strategy to enhance IL-15-driven NK cell proliferation, and it may be of therapeutic importance by increasing the antitumor activity of NK cells in patients with cancer.”
Tags: human IgG1 isotype control antibody; human IgG1 recombinant isotype control

3. PPP2R1A mutations portend improved survival after cancer immunotherapy
Yibo Dai,et al.Nature. 2025.PMCID: PMC12350166
“Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy is effective against many cancers, although resistance remains a major issue and new strategies are needed to improve clinical outcomes1–5. Here we studied ICB response in a cohort of patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma—a cancer type that poses considerable clinical challenges and lacks effective therapies6–8. We observed significantly prolonged overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with tumours with PPP2R1A mutations. Importantly, our findings were validated in additional ICB-treated patient cohorts across multiple cancer types. Translational analyses from tumour biopsies demonstrated enhanced IFNγ signalling, and the presence of tertiary lymphoid structures at the baseline, as well as enhanced immune infiltration and expansion of CD45RO+CD8+ T cells in the tumour neighbourhood after ICB treatment in PPP2R1A-mutated tumours. Parallel preclinical investigations showed that targeting PPP2R1A (by pharmacological inhibition or genetic modifications) in in vitro and in vivo models was associated with improved survival in the setting of treatment with several forms of immunotherapy, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy and ICB. The results from these studies suggest that therapeutic targeting of PPP2R1A may represent an effective strategy to improve patient outcomes after ICB or other forms of immunotherapy, although additional mechanistic and therapeutic insights are needed.”
Tags: human IgG1 isotype control antibody for cancer research; human IgG1 isotype control antibody for flow cytometry

For more references about Human IgG1 Isotype Control Antibody please contact our scientific support team with message@sydlabs.com.

The following mutations have been introduced to alter the constant regions of an IgG1 antibody to change its immunologic properties by Fc interaction with host proteins:

hIgG1 heavy chain R214K
hIgG1 heavy chain R214K/N297A
hIgG1 heavy chain L234A/L235A
hIgG1 heavy chain L234F/L235E/P331S
hIgG1 heavy chain L235A/G237A
hIgG1 heavy chain D356E/L358M
hIgG1 heavy chain F126L
hIgG1 heavy chain D265A
hIgG1 heavy chain F243L/R292P/Y300L/V305I/P396L
hIgG1 heavy chain S239D/I332E
hIgG1 heavy chain S239D/I332E/A330L
hIgG1 heavy chain S298A/E333A/K334A
hIgG1 heavy chain G236A/S239D/I332E
hIgG1 heavy chain K326W/E333S
hIgG1 heavy chain S267E/H268F/S324T
hIgG1 heavy chain E345R/E430G/S440Y
hIgG1 heavy chain N297A
hIgG1 heavy chain N297Q
hIgG1 heavy chain N297G
hIgG1 heavy chain L235E
hIgG1 heavy chain L234A/L235A
hIgG1 heavy chain M252Y/S254T/T256E
hIgG1 heavy chain M428L/N434S
hIgG1 heavy chain S267E/L328F
hIgG1 heavy chain N325S/L328F

Other in vivo grade Recombinant IgG Isotype Control Antibodies and Mutants:
In vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG1 Isotype Control Antibody and Mutants
In vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG2 Isotype Control Antibody
In vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG3 Isotype Control Antibody
In vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG4-S228P Isotype Control Antibody and Mutants
In vivo Grade Recombinant Mouse IgG1 Isotype Control Antibody and Mutants
In vivo Grade Recombinant Mouse IgG2a Isotype Control Antibody and Mutants
In vivo Grade Recombinant Mouse IgG2b Isotype Control Antibody and Mutants
In vivo Grade Recombinant Mouse IgG2c Isotype Control Antibody and Mutants
In vivo Grade Recombinant Mouse IgG3 Isotype Control Antibody
In vivo Grade Recombinant Rat IgG1 Isotype Control Antibody
In vivo Grade Recombinant Rat IgG2a Isotype Control Antibody
In vivo Grade Recombinant Rat IgG2b Isotype Control Antibody
In vivo Grade Recombinant Rat IgG2c Isotype Control Antibody
In vivo Grade Recombinant Hamster IgG1 Isotype Control Antibody
In vivo Grade Recombinant Hamster IgG2 Isotype Control Antibody

In vivo Grade Recombinant IgG Fc Proteins:
In vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG1 Fc Protein (hIgG1)
In vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG2 Fc Protein (hIgG2)
In vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG4 Fc Protein (hIgG4)
In vivo Grade Recombinant Mouse IgG1 Fc Protein (mIgG1)
In vivo Grade Recombinant Mouse IgG2a Fc Protein (mIgG2a)
In vivo Grade Recombinant Mouse IgG2b Fc Protein (mIgG2b)
In vivo Grade Recombinant Rat IgG2a Fc Protein (rtIgG2a)
In vivo Grade Recombinant Rat IgG2b Fc Protein (rtIgG2b)
In vivo Grade Recombinant Llama IgG2b Fc Protein (lIgG2b)
In vivo Grade Recombinant Rabbit IgG Fc Protein (rIgG)

Fc ELISA Kits and Reagents:
Human Fc ELISA Kit
Mouse Fc ELISA Kit
Human Fc ELISA Reagent Kit
Mouse Fc ELISA Reagent Kit

Protein A, Resin, Columns, and ELISA Kits:
Recombinant Protein A
Protein A Affinity Resin
Pre-packed Protein A Column
Protein A ELISA Kit