Human IgG1 Isotype Control Antibody

Different from polyclonal "human IgG1 isotype control antibodies" purified from human myeloma serum, the recombinant human IgG1 isotype control (hIgG1 kappa isotype control antibody) and mutants are produced in mammalian cells (HEK293 and CHO cells), thus are monoclonal and there is no potential contamination of any other antibody isotype(s). The recombinant human IgG1 isotype control has low or no specific binding to any human sample, and humanized or completely human variable regions in addition to the human IgG1 kappa constant regions. The human IgG1 kappa isotype control and mutants such as Fc-silenced can be used in ELISA, Western blot (WB), the cell-based assay or animal model as the antibody negative control.

A number of hIgG1 isotype control mutants are available. Most of the therapeutic antibody drugs carry the natural human IgG1 constant regions. There are some engineered mutants in the IgG1 Fc fragment. Changes to the IgG Fc sequence including glycosylation sites (such as N297A or N297G) have been used to modulate Fc functions. Even a single mutation may have both enhancement and abrogation effects on Fc binding though multiple mutation combinations are commonly used. We generated hIgG1 isotype control mutants, the same mutations as those in the therapeutic antibodies and candidates because such human IgG1 isotype control mutants are needed when clients test their engineered antibody candidates. For example, P329G substitution combined with L234A L235A (hIgG1 LALAPG, Fc silenced) was shown to decrease effector functions by disrupting the Fc/Fcγ receptor interface. The silent Fc effctor functions human IgG1 isotype controls are useful for in vivo use.

The isotype controls are normally used to differentiate any non-specific background signal from the specific antibody signal, including the immunogenicity if used in animals. Most in vivo functional grade human IgG antibodies are used in mice for in vivo studies. Besides the antibody Complementarity-Determining Regions (CDRs), two human or humanized variable regions including the one in the human or humanized IgG isotype control do not necessarily induce the same immune response in mice because in some cases, even one amino acid difference can make difference. Mouse variable regions can be used to show the potential immunogenicity induced by the human variable regions in the human or humanized IgG antibodies to test. Thus, in some cases, it is better to use the mouse variable region in the human IgG isotype controls. We also produce and sell recombinant human IgG isotype controls from the popuplar mouse hybridoma clones, MOPC21 and C1.18.4, as well as recombinant human IgG1 kappa isotype controls against KLH, TNP, DNP,  GST, HEL, His-tag, DYKDDDDK, c-myc, HA, GFP, and unknown specificity.

Please contact us to ask for a quote for the Fc silenced human IgG1 isotype control mutants, hIgG1 isotype control and silent Fc mutants with Avi-, His-, and DYKDDDDK-tags, and biotinylated hIgG1 isotype control and Fc silent mutants. A variety of conjugates (such as a fluorophore) with the human IgG1 isotype control and Fc effector-silent mutants are available.

PA007125: In Vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG1 kappa Isotype Control Antibody (hIgG1 Isotype Control)

The in vivo grade recombinant human IgG1 kappa isotype control antibody (hIgG1 isotype control) was produced in CHO cells.
Immunogen: N/A.
Clone: 4F17.
Isotype: human IgG1, kappa.
Applications: an isotype-matched negative control for human IgG1 kappa antibodies used in ELISA, Western Blot (WB), Flow Cytometry (Flow), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) (IHC (P)), Immunohistochemistry (Frozen) (IHC (F)), and in vivo animal model research.
Formulation: 0.2 μM filtered solution of 1x PBS.
Purity: >95% by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.
Endotoxin Level: Less than 1 EU/mg of protein as determined by LAL method. Endotoxin ≤0.05 EU/mg for PA007125.05, in vivo grade recombinant human IgG1 isotype control antibody, premium grade (endotoxin ≤0.05 EU/mg).

PA007134: In Vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG1-L234A L235A P329G (hIgG1 LALAPG) kappa Isotype Control Antibody (hIgG1 LALAPG Isotype Control)

The in vivo grade recombinant human IgG1-L234A L235A P329G (hIgG1 LALAPG, Fc silenced) kappa isotype control mutant (hIgG1 LALAPG isotype control) was produced in CHO cells.
Immunogen: N/A.
Clone: 4F17.
Isotype: human IgG1, kappa.
Applications: an isotype-matched negative control for human IgG1 LALAPG kappa antibodies used in ELISA, Western Blot (WB), Flow Cytometry (Flow), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) (IHC (P)), Immunohistochemistry (Frozen) (IHC (F)), and in vivo animal model research.
Formulation: 0.2 μM filtered solution of 1x PBS.
Purity: >95% by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.
Endotoxin Level: Less than 1 EU/mg of protein as determined by LAL method. Endotoxin ≤0.05 EU/mg for PA007134.05, in vivo grade recombinant human IgG1-L234A L235A P329G (hIgG1 LALAPG) isotype control antibody, premium grade (endotoxin ≤0.05 EU/mg).

PA007133: In Vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG1-N297A kappa Isotype Control Antibody (hIgG1 N297A Isotype Control)

The in vivo grade recombinant human IgG1-N297A kappa isotype control mutant (hIgG1 N297A isotype control) was produced in mammalian cells.
Immunogen: N/A.
Clone: 4F17.
Isotype: human IgG1, kappa.
Applications: an isotype-matched negative control for human IgG1 N297A kappa antibodies used in ELISA, Western Blot (WB), Flow Cytometry (Flow), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) (IHC (P)), Immunohistochemistry (Frozen) (IHC (F)), and in vivo animal model research.
Formulation: 0.2 μM filtered solution of 1x PBS.
Purity: >95% by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.
Endotoxin Level: Less than 1 EU/mg of protein as determined by LAL method.

PA007132: In Vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG1-D265A kappa Isotype Control Antibody (hIgG1 D265A Isotype Control)

The in vivo grade recombinant human IgG1-D265A kappa isotype control mutant (hIgG1 D265A isotype control) was produced in mammalian cells.
Immunogen: N/A.
Clone: 4F17.
Isotype: human IgG1, kappa.
Applications: an isotype-matched negative control for human IgG1 D265A kappa antibodies used in ELISA, Western Blot (WB), Flow Cytometry (Flow), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) (IHC (P)), Immunohistochemistry (Frozen) (IHC (F)), and in vivo animal model research.
Formulation: 0.2 μM filtered solution of 1x PBS.
Purity: >95% by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.
Endotoxin Level: Less than 1 EU/mg of protein as determined by LAL method.

PA007139: In Vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG1-D265A N297A kappa Isotype Control Antibody (hIgG1 DANA Isotype Control)

The in vivo grade recombinant human IgG1-D265A N297A (hIgG1 DANA) kappa isotype control mutant (hIgG1 DANA isotype control) was produced in mammalian cells.
Immunogen: N/A.
Clone: 4F17.
Isotype: human IgG1, kappa.
Applications: an isotype-matched negative control for human IgG1 DANA kappa antibodies used in ELISA, Western Blot (WB), Flow Cytometry (Flow), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) (IHC (P)), Immunohistochemistry (Frozen) (IHC (F)), and in vivo animal model research.
Formulation: 0.2 μM filtered solution of 1x PBS.
Purity: >95% by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.
Endotoxin Level: Less than 1 EU/mg of protein as determined by LAL method.

PA007140: In Vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG1-S267E L328F (hIgG1 SELF) kappa Isotype Control Antibody (hIgG1 SELF Isotype Control)

The in vivo grade recombinant human IgG1-S267E L328F (hIgG1 SELF, Fc activated) kappa isotype control mutant (hIgG1 SELF isotype control) was produced in mammalian cells.
Immunogen: N/A.
Clone: 4F17.
Isotype: human IgG1, kappa.
Applications: an isotype-matched negative control for human IgG1 SELF kappa antibodies used in ELISA, Western Blot (WB), Flow Cytometry (Flow), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) (IHC (P)), Immunohistochemistry (Frozen) (IHC (F)), and in vivo animal model research.
Formulation: 0.2 μM filtered solution of 1x PBS.
Purity: >95% by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.
Endotoxin Level: Less than 1 EU/mg of protein as determined by LAL method.

Shipping: The product is shipped with ice pack. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
1 month from date of receipt, 2 to 8°C as supplied.
3 months from date of receipt, -20°C to -70°C as supplied.

Background of Human IgG1 Isotype Control

Isotype control antibodies (negative control antibodies or reference antibodies) are frequently used in various antibody-related in vivo and in vitro experiments such as ELISA, Western blot, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, immunoprecipitation, and flow cytometry. Isotype control antibodies are used as negative controls of primary antibodies to check presence of non-specific binding to Fc receptors on the cell surface, other cellular proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. Thus, the isotype control antibody normally matches the host species and isotype, including light chains (such as human IgG1 kappa antibody), concentration, and conjugation format of the experimental primary antibody.

References of Human IgG1 Isotype Control Antibody:

Single cell suppression profiling of human regulatory T cells.
Søndergaard, J. N., et al. Nature Communications. 2025 Feb;16(1):1325. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-55746-1. PMID: 39900891
Anti-CTLA4 (Ipilimumab biosimilar, BioXCell, SIM0004) and human IgG1 (BioXCell, BE0297) were used at 10 μg/mL. ...PBMCs were placed in a 37 °C water bath for 2 min and transferred to a 15-ml tube using 5 ml of pre-warmed RPMI containing 10% FBS and 20 IU/ml Pierce universal nuclease. ...Tregs were isolated using an EasySep release human CD4 positive selection kit and FACS sorting. ...Traditional assays based on flow cytometry are widely recognized for their cost-effectiveness and convenience, making them an excellent choice for analyzing a single-cell type or a limited set of markers. ...scSPOT produces several readouts regarding cellular frequency and proliferation.
Tags: activity of human IgG1 isotype control; activity of human IgG1 isotype control mAb

OBI-992, a Novel TROP2-Targeted Antibody-Drug Conjugate, Demonstrates Antitumor Activity in Multiple Cancer Models.
Li, W.-F., et al. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics. 2025 Feb;24(2):163-175. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-24-0588. PMID: 39786401
Briefly, the anti-TROP2 antibody R4702 and human IgG1 isotype control in conjugation buffer were treated with tris(2-carboxyethyl) phosphine hydrochloride for 2 to 6 hours to reduce the disulfide bond of the antibodies. ...Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2) is highly expressed in multiple cancers relative to normal tissues, supporting its role as a target for cancer therapy. ...OBI-992 treatment exhibited statistically significant antitumor activity versus controls at doses of 3 and 10 mg/kg in various CDX and PDX models, demonstrating comparable or better antitumor activity with benchmark ADCs. ...In a large-tumor model, longer survival times were observed in OBI-992-treated mice compared with Dato-DXd-treated mice. ...In lung adenocarcinoma CDX models with overexpression of either P-glycoprotein (P-gp) or breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) to mimic ATP-binding cassette transporter–mediated multidrug resistance, OBI-992 treatment maintained antitumor activity when Dato-DXd treatment became less effective.
Tags: human IgG1 isotype control antibody; human IgG1 recombinant isotype control

Fc-engineered antibodies promote neutrophil-dependent control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Irvine, E. B., et al. Nat Microbiol. 2024 Sep;9(9):2369-2382. doi: 10.1038/s41564-024-01777-9. PMID: 39174703
Human IgG1 isotype control antibody was used as negative control. ...A 10 µl volume of whole-cell lysate-coated beads were then incubated with 40 µl of each monoclonal antibody at 0.025 µg ml−1 (1 µg antibody total) for 2 h at 37 °C to form immune complexes. Human IgG1 isotype control antibody was used as negative control. ...Human IgG1 isotype control antibody was used as negative control. ...Human IgG1 isotype control antibody was used as negative control. ...However, the underlying mechanisms of humoral immune protection and whether antibodies can be exploited in therapeutic strategies to combat TB are relatively understudied.
Tags: human IgG1 isotype control antibody for cancer research; human IgG1 isotype control antibody for flow cytometry

Development of a [89Zr]Zr-labeled Human Antibody using a Novel Phage-displayed Human scFv Library.
Singh, A. K., et al. Clin Cancer Res. 2024 Apr;30(7):1293-1306. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-23-3647. PMID: 38277241
High-affinity anti-TIP1 scFvs were selected from the library and engineered to human IgG1. ...Tax-interacting protein 1 (TIP1) is a cancer-specific radiation-inducible cell surface antigen that plays a role in cancer progression and resistance to therapy. ...Native MS confirmed the intact mass and glycosylation pattern of L111. ...Purified Abs were characterized by size exclusion chromatography high-performance liquid chromatography (SEC-HPLC), native mass spectrometry (native MS), ELISA, BIAcore, and flow cytometry. ...This study aimed to develop a novel anti-TIP1 human antibody for noninvasive PET imaging in patients with cancer.
Tags: human IgG1 isotype control for animal model; human IgG1 isotype control for mouse tumor model

FcγRIIB Is an Immune Checkpoint Limiting the Activity of Treg-Targeting Antibodies in the Tumor Microenvironment.
Knorr, D. A., et al. Cancer Immunol Res. 2024 Mar 4;12(3):322-333. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-23-0389. PMID: 38147316
The human IgG1 isotype control antibody used in our studies was obtained from BioXCell. For experiments assessing antitumor activity, mice were treated on days 0, 3, and 6 following randomization and were sacrificed when tumor reached the Rockefeller University IACUC limit. ...Fc null hIgG1 (GRLR) anti-murine CCR8 (E) or a human IgG1 isotype control antibody (F) were used for the control groups. ...The FDA approvals of antibodies blocking the inhibitory checkpoints PD-1 and CTLA-4 on T cells have offered new hope for patients with cancer, leading to profound and durable responses in a subset of them. ...However, despite these encouraging advances, our understanding of how these agents actually target and modulate immune cells in humans remains incomplete. ...Collectively, these studies identify FcγRIIB as an important immune checkpoint in the TME and suggest Fc engineering as an effective strategy to overcome this limitation.
Tags: purified human IgG1 isotype control; bulk human IgG1 isotype control

Citations of Human IgG1 Isotype Control Antibody:

Discovery and characterization of prolactin neutralizing monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of female-prevalent pain disorders
Stephanie Maciuba, et al. MAbs. 2023 Jan-Dec;15(1):2254676. doi: 10.1080/19420862.2023.2254676.PMID: 37698877
AFcγR binding of PRL mAbs or human IgG1 (Syd Labs Inc., #PA007125), IgG2 (Syd Labs Inc., #PA007127), and IgG4(S228P) (Syd Labs Inc., #PA007128) isotype controls were estimated using NanoBiT FcγR binding immunoassays (Promega) as described previously. Briefly, serial dilutions of each antibody were co-incubated with recombinant, biotin-labeled FcγRs (FcγRI, FcγRIIAH131, FcγRIIAR131, FcγRIIIAF158, FcγRIIIAV158) tagged with streptavidin-SmBiT partial luciferase enzyme in the presence of tracer IgG conjugated to the LgBiT partial luciferase enzyme for 30 minutes at room temperature in wells of white 384-well plates...
Tags: human IgG1 isotype control; human IgG1 isotype control mAb

Enhanced IL-15-mediated NK cell activation and proliferation by an ADAM17 function-blocking antibody involves CD16A, CD137, and accessory cells
Anders W Matson, et al. J Immunother Cancer. 2024 Jul 24;12(7):e008959. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2024-008959. PMID: 39053944
The following Fc variants were generated from its nucleotide sequence. Human isotypes IgG1 and IgG4 were generated by Syd Labs (Natick, Massachusetts, USA) and are referred to as Medi-1 and Medi-4, respectively. The mutations Pro329Gly, Leu234Ala, and Leu235Ala (PGLALA) were engineered into the Fc region of Medi-1 (Syd Labs) to impair FcγR binding and is referred to as Medi-PGLALA. ...NK cell phenotypic analyses were performed as previously described. Briefly, fluorescence minus one (FMO) and appropriate isotype-matched antibodies were used for controls. An FSC-A/SSC-A plot was used to set an electronic gate on leukocyte populations, and an FSC-A/FSC-H plot was used to set an electronic gate on single cells.
Tags: human IgG1 isotype control for animal model; human IgG1 isotype control for mouse tumor model

PPP2R1A mutations portend improved survival after cancer immunotherapy
Yibo Dai , et al. Nature. 2025 Aug;644(8076):537-546. doi: 10.1038/s41586-025-09203-8. Epub 2025 Jul 2. PMID: 40604275
PDXs were generated using human endometrial tumour samples obtained from Christiana Care under IRB CCC-41045. HLA-A genotyping was performed with fetal liver and PDX tumour. In brief, genomic DNA of human tumour and fetal tissues was extracted using the Monarch Genomic DNA Purification Kit (NEB, T3010S). The HLA-A locus sequence was determined using the Olerup SSP HLA-A genotype kit (CareDx, 101.401-48). The third passage of the collected PDX tissue was transplanted subcutaneously into the Hu-BLT mice under aseptic conditions. Tumour samples were prepared by cutting endometrial PDX tumour chunks into small pieces of around 1 × 2 × 2 mm. Then, 2 weeks after PDX implantation, the mice were randomly assigned into two treatment groups: anti-PD-L1 antibody (Selleck, A2013) and human IgG1 isotype control (Syd Lab, PA007125) (4 mg per kg body weight in 100 μl PBS intraperitoneally, twice a week).
Tags: purified human IgG1 isotype control; human IgG1 isotype control price

For more references about Human IgG1 Isotype Control Antibody please contact our scientific support team with message@sydlabs.com.

The following mutations have been introduced to alter the constant regions of an IgG1 antibody to change its immunologic properties by Fc interaction with host proteins:

hIgG1 heavy chain R214K
hIgG1 heavy chain R214K/N297A
hIgG1 heavy chain L234A/L235A
hIgG1 heavy chain L234F/L235E/P331S
hIgG1 heavy chain L235A/G237A
hIgG1 heavy chain D356E/L358M
hIgG1 heavy chain F126L
hIgG1 heavy chain D265A
hIgG1 heavy chain F243L/R292P/Y300L/V305I/P396L
hIgG1 heavy chain S239D/I332E
hIgG1 heavy chain S239D/I332E/A330L
hIgG1 heavy chain S298A/E333A/K334A
hIgG1 heavy chain G236A/S239D/I332E
hIgG1 heavy chain K326W/E333S
hIgG1 heavy chain S267E/H268F/S324T
hIgG1 heavy chain E345R/E430G/S440Y
hIgG1 heavy chain N297A
hIgG1 heavy chain N297Q
hIgG1 heavy chain N297G
hIgG1 heavy chain L235E
hIgG1 heavy chain L234A/L235A
hIgG1 heavy chain M252Y/S254T/T256E
hIgG1 heavy chain M428L/N434S
hIgG1 heavy chain S267E/L328F
hIgG1 heavy chain N325S/L328F

Other in vivo grade Recombinant IgG Isotype Control Antibodies and Mutants:
In vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG1 Isotype Control Antibody and Mutants
In vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG2 Isotype Control Antibody
In vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG3 Isotype Control Antibody
In vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG4-S228P Isotype Control Antibody and Mutants
In vivo Grade Recombinant Mouse IgG1 Isotype Control Antibody and Mutants
In vivo Grade Recombinant Mouse IgG2a Isotype Control Antibody and Mutants
In vivo Grade Recombinant Mouse IgG2b Isotype Control Antibody and Mutants
In vivo Grade Recombinant Mouse IgG2c Isotype Control Antibody and Mutants
In vivo Grade Recombinant Mouse IgG3 Isotype Control Antibody
In vivo Grade Recombinant Rat IgG1 Isotype Control Antibody
In vivo Grade Recombinant Rat IgG2a Isotype Control Antibody
In vivo Grade Recombinant Rat IgG2b Isotype Control Antibody
In vivo Grade Recombinant Rat IgG2c Isotype Control Antibody
In vivo Grade Recombinant Hamster IgG1 Isotype Control Antibody
In vivo Grade Recombinant Hamster IgG2 Isotype Control Antibody

In vivo Grade Recombinant IgG Fc Proteins:
In vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG1 Fc Protein (hIgG1)
In vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG2 Fc Protein (hIgG2)
In vivo Grade Recombinant Human IgG4 Fc Protein (hIgG4)
In vivo Grade Recombinant Mouse IgG1 Fc Protein (mIgG1)
In vivo Grade Recombinant Mouse IgG2a Fc Protein (mIgG2a)
In vivo Grade Recombinant Mouse IgG2b Fc Protein (mIgG2b)
In vivo Grade Recombinant Rat IgG2a Fc Protein (rtIgG2a)
In vivo Grade Recombinant Rat IgG2b Fc Protein (rtIgG2b)
In vivo Grade Recombinant Llama IgG2b Fc Protein (lIgG2b)
In vivo Grade Recombinant Rabbit IgG Fc Protein (rIgG)

Fc ELISA Kits and Reagents:
Human Fc ELISA Kit
Mouse Fc ELISA Kit
Human Fc ELISA Reagent Kit
Mouse Fc ELISA Reagent Kit

Protein A, Resin, Columns, and ELISA Kits:
Recombinant Protein A
Protein A Affinity Resin
Pre-packed Protein A Column
Protein A ELISA Kit