Anti-Human CD28 Monoclonal Antibodies

PA007477.m1: In vivo Grade Recombinant Anti-Human CD28 Monoclonal Antibody, Mouse IgG1 Kappa (Clone: CD28.2)

The in vivo grade recombinant anti-human CD28 Mouse IgG1 Kappa monoclonal antibody was produced in mammalian cells. 
Clone: CD28.2.
Isotype: Mouse IgG1 Kappa.
Specificity/Sensitivity: The in vivo grade recombinant mouse monoclonal antibody (clone: CD28.2) specifically binds to human CD28.
Applications: ELISA, flow cytometry, neutralization, functional assays such as bioanalytical PK and ADA assays, and those assays for studying biological pathways affected by the human CD28 protein. 
Formulation: 0.2 μM filtered solution of 1x PBS.
Purity: >95% by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.
Endotoxin Level: Less than 1 EU/mg of protein as determined by LAL method.

Shipping: The in vivo grade recombinant anti-human CD28 antibodies (clone of CD28.2) are shipped with ice pack. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70°C as supplied.
1 month from date of receipt, 2 to 8°C as supplied.

References of Anti-Human CD28 Monoclonal Antibody:

Chemical proteomic map of dimethyl fumarate-sensitive cysteines in primary human T cells.
Blewett, M. M., et al. Sci Signal. 2016 Sep 13;9(445):rs10. doi: 10.1126/scisignal.aaf7694. PMID: 27625306
One such target, the kinase PKCθ, contains two cysteine residues that were targeted by DMF, which prevented PKCθ from interacting with the T cell costimulatory receptor CD28 and mediating full T cell activation. ...DMF blocked the association of PKCθ with the costimulatory receptor CD28 by perturbing a CXXC motif in the C2 domain of this kinase. ...Mutation of these DMF-sensitive cysteines also impaired PKCθ-CD28 interactions and T cell activation, designating the C2 domain of PKCθ as a key functional, electrophile-sensing module important for T cell biology. ...Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an electrophilic drug that is used to treat autoimmune conditions, including multiple sclerosis and psoriasis. ...The drug dimethyl fumarate (DMF), which is used to treat autoimmune diseases, including psoriasis and multiple sclerosis, may act by modifying cysteine residues in proteins.
Tags: anti-human CD28; activity of anti-human CD28 antibody

Ndrg1 is a T-cell clonal anergy factor negatively regulated by CD28 costimulation and interleukin-2.
Oh, Y. M., et al. Nat Commun. 2015 Oct 28;6:8698. doi: 10.1038/ncomms9698. PMID: 26507712
The most well-studied signal 2-inducing molecule on the T-cell surface is CD28. ...Addition of agonistic antibody to CD28 during the induction phase prevents anergy20 and supplying CTLA4-Ig, which blocks CD28 signals during a productive stimulation, results in anergy induction. ...According to the two-signal model, anergy factors downstream of TCR signalling should be inhibited by CD28 signalling, to prevent anergy induction. ...First, we transfected Jurkat cells with both an Ndrg1 expression plasmid and the IL-2 promoter luciferase plasmid, and then stimulated them with anti-CD3 plus anti-CD28. ...Some cells were stimulated with anti-CD28 in the presence of 1 μM of MG132 (c). Results are representative of two independent experiments.
Tags: anti-human CD28 9.3 mAb; anti-human CD28 9.3 mAb in vivo

HIV-1 Nef disrupts intracellular trafficking of major histocompatibility complex class I, CD4, CD8, and CD28 by distinct pathways that share common elements.
Leonard, J. A., et al. J Virol. 2011 Jul;85(14):6867-81. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00229-11. PMID: 21543478
The other putative targets of Nef, CD28, CD8β, CD80, CD86, and CD1d, are expressed in a variety of immune cells, including helper T lymphocytes and CTLs, as well as antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as macrophage and dendritic cells (DC). ...The CD86 cytoplasmic tail was fused to HA-HLA-A2 in a manner similar to that used for CD28. ...Similarly, all of the Nef proteins downmodulated endogenous CD4 as well as A2/CD8β and A2/CD28. ...Similarly, we observed AP-1 coprecipitation with A2/CD28 and A2/CD8β (Fig. 5B), although the interaction with A2/CD8β seemed weaker than that observed with HLA-A2 and A2/CD28. ...Furthermore, Nef LL164,165AA is defective at downmodulating CD8β or CD28 yet retains the ability to downmodulate HLA-A2.
Tags: function of anti-human CD28 9.3; anti-human CD28 9.3 in cancer research

Paucity of CD4+ natural killer T (NKT) lymphocytes in sooty mangabeys is associated with lack of NKT cell depletion after SIV infection.
Rout, N., et al. PLoS One. 2010 Mar 24;5(3):e9787. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009787. PMID: 20352088
Analysis of the surface markers CD95, CD28, CD45RA, and CXCR3 showed that the majority of the NKT clones were CD95+CD28−CD45RA− and CXCR3+ (Figure 3A–B) indicating an effector memory phenotype consistent with findings in human NKT lymphocytes. ...Histogram plots gated on representative NKT clones showing surface expression of NK cell markers (CD16, CD56, NKG2D, and CD161), chemokine receptors (CCR5 and CXCR3), and memory markers (CD95, CD28, and CD45RA), and intracellular expression of cytolytic molecules (granzyme B and perforin). B) Mean % for each phenotypic marker on 5 to 71 NKT clones. ...Dot plots showing CD95 vs CD28 staining on each subset of T lymphocytes (top panel) and distribution of CCR7 and CD28 on the CD95+ memory lymphocytes (bottom panel). ...In comparison to memory CD8+ and DN T lymphocytes, ex vivo NKT lymphocytes consisted of a homogenous CD95+CD28+CCR7− population, consistent with a transitional effector memory phenotype.For identification of NKT cells, PBMCs were surface stained for CD3 and anti-Vα24 combined with PBS-57 loaded CD1d TM or 6B11 antibody. ...Paired and unpaired t-tests were used for comparisons of grouped and ungrouped samples respectively.
Tags: bioactivity of anti-human CD28 9.3; anti-human CD28 (9.3) in vivo antibody

For more references about Anti-Human CD28 Monoclonal Antibody please contact our scientific support team with message@sydlabs.com.

Related Recombinant IgG Reference Antibodies:
In vivo grade recombinant mouse IgG1 isotype control antibody

Syd Labs provides the following recombinant anti-human CD28 monoclonal antibodies:
In vivo grade recombinant anti-human CD28 antibodies (clone 15E8)
In vivo grade recombinant anti-human CD28 antibodies (clone 9.3)
In vivo grade recombinant anti-human CD28 antibodies (clone CD28.3)

Syd Labs provides the following recombinant anti-mouse CD28 monoclonal antibodies:
In vivo grade recombinant anti-mouse CD28 antibodies (clone PV-1)
In vivo grade recombinant anti-mouse CD28 antibodies (clone 37.51)